What is radioactive decay?

Radioactive decay is a natural process by which unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation. This phenomenon plays a crucial role in various fields, from nuclear energy to medical applications. At the core of this process is the transformation of one element into another, often resulting in the release of particles such as alpha and beta rays, as well as gamma radiation. The decay process is characterized by a half-life, which is the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. Understanding radioactive decay not only enhances our knowledge of atomic science but also informs safety protocols in environments where radioactive materials are present. Furthermore, its applications extend to carbon dating, which helps determine the age of ancient artifacts, and in the medical field, where it aids in cancer treatment through targeted radiation therapies. As science continues to explore the complexities of atomic behavior, the study of radioactive decay remains pivotal in harnessing energy and developing innovative technologies.